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Social determinants of health in WHO documents
Vukadinović, Milica ; Povolná, Pavla (advisor) ; Lejsal, Matěj (referee)
This master thesis examines some social factors in chosen documents of the World Health Organization and in the strategic plans of the Czech Republic. The method used to examine these social factors is thematic analysis. Furthermore, the plans of the Czech Republic and the WHO documents are compared through a qualitative comparative analysis. The aim of the master thesis is to describe how the social factors of health are reflected in selected WHO documents and in the national strategic and action plans for health promotion in the Czech Republic. A sub-objective of the thesis is to present in which areas social workers can be involved in the protection and promotion of public health and what competences they need for this. Based on the research, recommendations for future practice are presented. The examination of documents and plans shows the importance of shaping community care and further improving the quality of primary health care in the Czech Republic. Keywords: Social determinants of health, the health care system, social workers' competences and health promotion in social work
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Social determinants and health perception of selected groups of immigrants
Chmelařová, Tereza ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hnilicová, Helena (referee)
Social determinants and health perception of selected groups of immigrants Abstract With the increasing number of migrants arriving in the Czech Republic, it is very important to deal with their health and health related factors. The aim of this thesis is to emphasize migrants' health and expand the knowledge in the area of health perception and social determinants of health among selected groups of migrants based on previously collected data from questionnaire surveys. The data were collected by the Geographic Migration Centre's research team and have already been analysed and subsequently published. However, mainly the migration behaviour was analysed without a focus on health and its determinants. This analysis is based on data of 284 Moldovans living in the Czech Republic and Italy which were collected in 2017-2018; data of 252 Ukrainian migrants from 2012; data of 682 Vietnamese and Ukrainian migrants from 2013. Health perception is characterized by the variable self-rated health. By using binary logistic regression and ordinal regression methods there were revealed significant determinants of health perception, including socio-demographic characteristics (such as gender, age, education, and marital status), spending time with people in the host country, language proficiency, income, and financial...
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Socioculturally disadvantaged environment and its influence on pre-school child
Holubová, Petra ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
SUMMARY: The thesis describes a situation of the part of inhabitants of the Czech Republic that are currently regarded as socio-culturally disadvantaged. It aims to term factors that endanger a healthy and harmonic development of children living in a socio-culturally disadvantaged environment. The means of child protection are specified on international and national level and the current legislation in this field is reviewed. The thesis also deals with the position of ethnic minorities in the Czech Republic and concentrates on Romany minority. On the example of one city district of Prague is presented the lifestyle of Romany community, their cohabitation with the majority and their usage of Romany ethnolect. Possible causes of formation of socially excluded communities are listed together with social and health risks for Romany people that concentrate in such local communities. The situation in the field of education of pre-school children coming from a socio-culturally disadvantaged environment is described and legislative and executive measures to support their access to education are reviewed. Social determinants of health are termed and their impact on Roma community in the Czech Republic is assessed. The research part of the thesis deals with the education of the children attending compensatory...
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Cardiovascular disease risk factors based on a longitudinal study SHARE
Zajíčková, Michaela ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Žejglicová, Kristýna (referee)
Despite decreasing cardiovascular disease mortality rates, these diseases are still the most common cause of death in a number of economically advanced countries, including the Czech Republic. This thesis deals with prevalence of myocardial infarction (the most common forms of ischemic heart disease) and selected risk factors of this disease, using the database of the international project SHARE (The Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe). The first part describes the development of mortality on circulatory system diseases and the risk factors of myocardial infarction are discussed in the context of the literature. The empirical part of this work analyzes the infarction prevalence and the relationship between infarction prevalence and risk factors in SHARE respondents, both in the group of respondents from European countries and in the subset of respondents from the Czech Republic, using the binary logistic regression method. The analysis showed, among other things, that the main risk factor for myocardial infarction of SHARE respondents was low physical activity among respondents in European countries, so did male respondents in the Czech Republic. In the group of Czech women, the main risk factor was underweight. Out of the social determinants, the impact of education attained in both...
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The current level of research determinants of health by immigrants in the Czech Republic and in Europe
POVOLNÁ, Dagmar
I chose the topic of this thesis because of but also because of bad opinions of the people around me about migration as a problem. The main target of this work is to find out what areas within health determinants among immigrants haven´t been investigated for past 5 years in the Czech Republic and Europe. This target is important for possibilities of further researches of health determinants among immigrants. It may help to researchers with the topic which hasn´t been investigated in past years and there is the opportunity to do so. In the research part of this diploma thesis was selected quantitative method where the technique was comparative metaanalysis. Analysis will be done from available databased journals (Scopus, Pub-med) and available Czech journals (non-databased). The time limit was set on 5 years. In the databases Scopus and Pub-med was searched according to following criterions social determinants of health, immigrants, Europe, Czech Republic with the time limit 5 years of those articles. Contribution of this work is finding out which social determinants of health weren´t investigated at all, which is transport and stress in Europe. In the Czech Republic weren´t any researches executed on stress, childhood, unemployment, nutrition and transport. My diploma thesis contributes further possibilities of investigating for future researchers in investigations which haven´t been done yet.
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Social Support in Old Age
KUNTOVÁ, Ivana
This bachelor thesis is focused on social support of seniors in the Light a house for seniors, a branch office in Písek. The main objective is to map the levels of social support (micro-, intermediate and macro level) and its types in terms of content (emotional, evaluating, information and instrumental support). The thesis is divided into two consecutive parts, i.e. a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part explains, with the help of specialized literature, the definition of basic terms such as aging, age and seniority, social determinants of health, social support and human needs. Social work is also mentioned in this chapter. At the end of the theoretical part, a funded organization Light a house for seniors, a branch office in Písek, where the research took place, is presented. The practical part of the bachelor thesis focuses on answering the main and sectional research questions. For the research, a qualitative research strategy which was conducted using the method of asking and the semi-standardized interview technique, was chosen. The data collected was analyzed via categorization of data and then it was presented using tables and charts.The research was done within a group of 8 informants, using the service of the senior house Light, in Písek. Based on the received information was found out, that the informants are quite satisfied with fulfilling the social needs with help of social support, even if they think that the social support are only administrative tasks, or arranging compensatory or medical aids. For the closest people the informants consider their family members. The needs of seniors are mostly fulfilled by social workers. The results of the bachelor thesis can be used in the senior house Light, the branch office in Písek, as a feedback for employees or as a guide for improving the quality of care.
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Gender and social inequalities in mental health
Machů, Vendula ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pikhart, Hynek (referee)
Gender inequality is the root cause of the differences in mental disorders prevalence between men and women. The aim of this thesis was to examine social inequalities in mental health, focusing on gender as a critical determinant of mental health and mental illness. In the first chapter, the ways mental health is shaped by gender and other social determinants are discussed. Gender-based discrimination, traditional gender roles, unequal distribution of power and lack of control over life events are the most common risk factors for higher prevalence of mental disorders in women. In the empirical part of this thesis the European countries were grouped based on indicators related to women's mental health. The typology was developed using factor and cluster analyses. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis investigated associations between prevalence of depression and various social determinants of mental health in respondents of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The results suggest that risk factors for common mental disorders are gender specific.
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Socioculturally disadvantaged environment and its influence on pre-school child
Holubová, Petra ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
SUMMARY: The thesis describes a situation of the part of inhabitants of the Czech Republic that are currently regarded as socio-culturally disadvantaged. It aims to term factors that endanger a healthy and harmonic development of children living in a socio-culturally disadvantaged environment. The means of child protection are specified on international and national level and the current legislation in this field is reviewed. The thesis also deals with the position of ethnic minorities in the Czech Republic and concentrates on Romany minority. On the example of one city district of Prague is presented the lifestyle of Romany community, their cohabitation with the majority and their usage of Romany ethnolect. Possible causes of formation of socially excluded communities are listed together with social and health risks for Romany people that concentrate in such local communities. The situation in the field of education of pre-school children coming from a socio-culturally disadvantaged environment is described and legislative and executive measures to support their access to education are reviewed. Social determinants of health are termed and their impact on Roma community in the Czech Republic is assessed. The research part of the thesis deals with the education of the children attending compensatory...
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Civilization diseases and their sociological interpretation
Vottová, Lucie ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis aims to offer comprehensive overview of fundamental causes of chronic diseases with focus on social determinants of health, and brief detour to the evolution of approaches to health and illnes from the beginning of 20th Century, where the biomedical model dominated, till now where his place took psychosocial model which considers the health from holistic approach. As the main determinants of health are considered: stress, with focus on frustration from physically or mentally demanding job with low reward (high-effort/low-reward model); social gradient and related relative deprivation, according to which it is not essential how much we have for constitute our feeling of self-worth, but how much we have in reference to others; social support and social cohesion which functions as buffer against the stressor; and the early life development, effects of which can be seen later in life. There could be many more determinants listed but for the purpose of this paper, I chose only these few which I consider universally valid. In conclusion I argue whether one's health is his/her own responsibility or if in today's world this responsibility became society's.
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Health and social situation of unemployed people living in the region Český Krumlov
ŠESTÁKOVÁ, Andrea
The present thesis entitled "Health and social situation of unemployed persons living in Český Krumlov" deals with the issue of unemployment in the context of a human life situation. The five chapters the theoretical section define issues of health and its determinants with emphasis on the social determinants of health, and also deal with the characteristics of unemployment from an economic and social health point of view, the definition of the competencies of the Labour Office and other employment services, as well as with specific information about Český Krumlov including unemployment statistics relating to its territory. The practical part is based on quantitative research study. To collect data for this survey, interviewing method (a questionnaire) was used. A specific questionnaire was created, which contained mostly closed questions in the form of scales with a bilateral scale used for measuring the living situations of people questioned. Research tool focused on the subjective evaluation of the respondents in the areas of financial, social and health situation. The research sample consisted of individuals registered as jobseekers with the Labour Office in Český Krumlov. That means I used a deliberate choice through institutions. The selection was conducted by direct addressing potential respondents upon arriving at the Labour Office workplace in Český Krumlov. The questionnaires were distributed personally, so the return was 96.7%. After elimination of incomplete or logically incorrectly completed questionnaires, a total of 353 questionnaires were collected using the afformentioned procedure. The aim was to describe the health and social situation of unemployed persons living in Český Krumlov region and determine whether there is a relationship between social and health situation of the unemployed, and the relationship between unemployment length records and social situation of the unemployed. In line with the objectives of the work, two basic research questions were established in the following wording: "Does the subjective assessment of selected characteristics of the social situation reflect in the subjective evaluation of selected aspects of health of the unemployed?" And "Does the length of registration reflect in the subjective evaluation of the social situation of the unemployed?" To the research questions, the hypotheses were determined, which assumed that increasing the value of one variable will increase the value of the other variable. As the characteristics of the social situation for the first research question were chosen: duration of the records, perception of unemployment, living with a partner and financial situation. Health was due to the characteristics of the social situation assessed from three aspects - overall, mental and physical. The results of this research thus show that three out of four selected characteristics are reflected in the health of unemployed people in at least two respects. In terms of social situation, the results confirmed that the duration of the unemployment records are deteriorating financial situation and also the tolerance of the people around towards the unemployed from the perspective of the job seekers. These findings not only correspond with the current knowledge in this area, but also point out that the health and social problem of unemployment is still relevant even today, when the existential threat to the unemployed is averted. The diploma thesis could thus serve the Labour Office in Český Krumlov in the basic orientation about the health and social status of their registered candidates. Furthermore, it could be an incentive for local nonprofit organizations to establish cooperation with the unemployed if needed. The thesis could also enrich the existing research dealing with this issue in one of the regions with the highest unemployment rates in the country.
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